Cicéron, en tant que maître d’éloquence, est l’un des auteurs classiques les plus copiés au Moyen Âge. Figure tutélaire de la rhétorique, il est aussi un modèle récurrent des pratiques vertueuses, christianisé par les Pères de l’Église. À ces influences, l’historiographie consacrée à l’Italie communale a ajouté une dimension politique, en notant, tout particulièrement dans le cadre florentin, l’application des normes cicéroniennes aux définitions du juste gouvernement et du bon citoyen. Or cette dette médiévale n’est pas datée avec précision par les historiens : à quand faire remonter les prémices de l’« humanisme civique » ?
Ce livre vise à estimer le rôle formateur et légitimateur attribué à Cicéron quant aux normes civiques communales. Par le biais de l’auteur classique, il interroge l’unité et les spécificités des idéaux politiques de cet espace institutionnel en mobilisant un large corpus : sources normatives, florilèges, dictamina, traités de regimine, traductions invitent à reconsidérer le regard « républicain » qu’aurait porté le lecteur médiéval sur ce modèle antique.

 

Carole Mabboux est ancienne membre de l’École française de Rome et chercheuse associée au laboratoire CIHAM (UMR 5648). Ses travaux portent sur les pratiques délibératives, les cultures civiques et la circulation des œuvres de traduction et de vulgarisation dans l’Italie communale des XIII^e et XIVe siècles.

Mise en vente : septembre 2022.

In the thirteenth century, mendicant orders introduced new ways of religious life that engaged the laity through preaching and conversion. Moreover, they founded new movements for religious women dedicated to prayer and contemplation, such as the Dominican nuns and the Poor Clares. In their churches, both friars and nuns were separated from the laity, either in choir precincts situated behind architectural screens, or in upper galleries raised above ground level. Before the widespread removal of these furnishings, therefore, medieval and early modern mendicant church interiors did not resemble the unified spaces we encounter today.
This volume presents a series of European case studies which use textual and material evidence to reconstruct and analyze the internal divisions of churches between the thirteenth and the sixteenth century. Thus, the authors provide a broad understanding of the variety, function, and meaning of the internal divisions that once conditioned the spiritual experience, function and meaning of sacred space for the laity as well as for the religious community.

 
Haude Morvan is an Associate Professor in the History of Medieval Art at the University Bordeaux Montaigne and a member of the Ausonius Institute. She is a former member of the French School in Rome. Her research interests centre on the mendicant orders. She published in 2021 “Sous les pas des frères”: les sépultures de papes et de cardinaux chez les Mendiants au XIII^e siècle.

Describing the Holy Roman Empire after 1250 as a hopeless dream or an empty formula only Roman in name, historians have long minimized the impact of the imperial presence in late-medieval Italy. The nationalist historiography, on which we still largely depend, presented the Empire as alien to the very essence of humanism and modernity. Associating humanism with republicanism, scholars silently suggested that the belief in the peace-bringing emperor faded away as the Renaissance unfolded. No real humanist, so it was believed, could genuinely support the medieval construct that was the Holy Roman Empire.
Only recently has this historiographical framework really been challenged. The present volume builds further on the thesis that humanism was perfectly compatible with imperialist political ideals. It aims to bring together new perspectives on empire and emperors in Italy and to highlight the continuing importance of the imperial ideal throughout the fourteenth and fifteenth century. It focuses on imperial discourses in the writings of Italian historians, humanists, poets, jurists and notaries.
The imitation of Roman emperors is both a sign of the Renaissance and a central aspect in medieval political thought. It may, therefore, not surprise that the descent of the “king of the Romans” into Italy attracted the attention of Italians with humanist tastes. The name of empire aroused high expectations. Orations, histories, treatises, and letters show that many still generally accepted the legitimacy of the empire and considered the contemporary Holy Roman Emperor as the lawful leader of the Christian world.

 

Anne Huijbers wrote her dissertation at Radboud University Nijmegen. Between 2016 and 2018 she stayed at the École française de Rome with a Rubicon Fellowship of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research.